Daniel's 70 Weeks: Revealed

The most frequently asked questions here at Bible Time is about Daniel's 70 weeks. Even when not asked as a question, we do get preached at over how this supposedly works. This article reviews the original prophecy, provides the questions we usually ask when debunking pop Christians, then provides exact timing for the 4 known major fulfillments of Daniel's 70 Weeks.

The Prophecy

The expression, "Daniel's 70 weeks" comes from a specific passage in the Book of Daniel. Application of that passage to events in history is one of the greatest challenges to anyone studying Bible Prophecy.

Before going any further it is important to review the original passage and make some general comments about the text.

Daniel was a captive, from the Nobility of ancient Israel that had survived in and near Jerusalem after the Assyrian invasion. Daniel had been hauled away to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar as a prisoner of war.

When Daniel arrived in Babylon he was selected to learn the language and history of Babylon so that he could serve in the Babylonian royal court. Daniel became quite adept at this call, eventually becoming the equivalent of the Babylonian Prime Minister.

The Book of Daniel provides various stories from his time at the royal court of Babylon, including many interactions between Daniel and various members of that court.

Nowhere in the Bible does the life length of Daniel get mentioned, but his name appears on the lists of people who returned to Jerusalem after the 70 years of national captivity, so Daniel's age can be estimated at over 110 years. Probably his very healthy, mostly vegan, diet helped his life length considerably.

Apparently near the end of the 70 years of captivity, when Daniel was over 90 years of age he discovered in the writings of the prophet Jeremiah a prophecy that said the Babylonian captivity would last 70 years. That sparked Daniel's interest and he used that as the basis for extended prayer.

His prayer was of a form that today is called identificational repentance, repenting for the sins of his people, not just himself. That prayer is summarized in the first half of chapter 9 in the Book of Daniel.

Unlike most "normal" prayer, Daniel's prayer was answered with an angelic visitation, the account of which takes up the second half of chapter 9. It is the dialog between that angel, Gabriel by name, and Daniel himself that forms the basis for the second half of chapter 9, the famous "70 weeks" of Daniel.

The most important characteristic of the dialog recorded for us, is that this was an elaboration on the 70 years written about by Jeremiah. Since the first application of Jeremiah's 70 years were about over, it was time to explain more about how those "70" would be used elsewhere in history.

The following is what happened after Daniel's prayer, as recorded in the Book of Daniel.

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20וְע֨וֹד אֲנִ֤י מְדַבֵּר֙ וּמִתְפַּלֵּ֔ל וּמִתְוַדֶּה֙ חַטָּאתִ֔י וְחַטַּ֖את עַמִּ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּמַפִּ֣יל תְּחִנָּתִ֗י לִפְנֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔י עַ֖ל הַר־ קֹ֥דֶשׁ אֱלֹהָֽי׃ 21וְע֛וֹד אֲנִ֥י מְדַבֵּ֖ר בַּתְּפִלָּ֑ה וְהָאִ֣ישׁ גַּבְרִיאֵ֡ל אֲשֶׁר֩ רָאִ֨יתִי בֶחָז֤וֹן בַּתְּחִלָּה֙ מֻעָ֣ף בִּיעָ֔ף נֹגֵ֣עַ אֵלַ֔י כְּעֵ֖ת מִנְחַת־ עָֽרֶב׃ 22וַיָּ֖בֶן וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמִּ֑י וַיֹּאמַ֕ר דָּנִיֵּ֕אל עַתָּ֥ה יָצָ֖אתִי לְהַשְׂכִּילְךָ֥ בִינָֽה׃ 23בִּתְחִלַּ֨ת תַּחֲנוּנֶ֜יךָ יָצָ֣א דָבָ֗ר וַאֲנִי֙ בָּ֣אתִי לְהַגִּ֔יד כִּ֥י חֲמוּד֖וֹת אָ֑תָּה וּבִין֙ בַּדָּבָ֔ר וְהָבֵ֖ן בַּמַּרְאֶֽה׃ 24שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים נֶחְתַּ֥ךְ עַֽל־ עַמְּךָ֣׀ וְעַל־ עִ֣יר קָדְשֶׁ֗ךָ לְכַלֵּ֨א הַפֶּ֜שַׁע וּלְכַפֵּ֣ר עָוֹ֔ן וּלְהָבִ֖יא צֶ֣דֶק עֹֽלָמִ֑ים וְלַחְתֹּם֙ חָז֣וֹן וְנָבִ֔יא וְלִמְשֹׁ֖חַ קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִֽׁים׃ 25וְתֵדַ֨ע וְתַשְׂכֵּ֜ל מִן־ מֹצָ֣א דָבָ֗ר לְהָשִׁיב֙ וְלִבְנ֤וֹת יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ עַד־ מָשִׁ֣יחַ נָגִ֔יד שָׁבֻעִ֖ים שִׁבְעָ֑ה וְשָׁבֻעִ֞ים שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּשְׁנַ֗יִם תָּשׁוּב֙ וְנִבְנְתָה֙ רְח֣וֹב וְחָר֔וּץ וּבְצ֖וֹק הָעִתִּֽים׃ 26וְאַחֲרֵ֤י הַשָּׁבֻעִים֙ שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּשְׁנַ֔יִם יִכָּרֵ֥ת מָשִׁ֖יחַ וְאֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ וְהָעִ֨יר וְהַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ יַ֠שְׁחִית עַ֣ם נָגִ֤יד הַבָּא֙ וְקִצּ֣וֹ בַשֶּׁ֔טֶף וְעַד֙ קֵ֣ץ מִלְחָמָ֔ה נֶחֱרֶ֖צֶת שֹׁמֵמֽוֹת׃ 27וְהִגְבִּ֥יר בְּרִ֛ית לָרַבִּ֖ים שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד וַחֲצִ֨י הַשָּׁב֜וּעַ יַשְׁבִּ֣ית׀ זֶ֣בַח וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְעַ֨ל כְּנַ֤ף שִׁקּוּצִים֙ מְשֹׁמֵ֔ם וְעַד־ כָּלָה֙ וְנֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה תִּתַּ֖ךְ עַל־ שֹׁמֵֽם׃ (WLC)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20And whiles I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy mountain of my God; 21Yea, whiles I was speaking in prayer, even the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation. 22And he informed me, and talked with me, and said, O Daniel, I am now come forth to give thee skill and understanding. 23At the beginning of thy supplications the commandment came forth, and I am come to shew thee; for thou art greatly beloved: therefore understand the matter, and consider the vision. 24Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy. 25Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times. 26And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. 27And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.(KJV)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20And whiles I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy mountain of my God; 21Yea, whiles I was speaking in prayer, even the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation. 22And he informed me, and talked with me, and said, O Daniel, I am now come forth to give thee skill and understanding. 23At the beginning of thy supplications the commandment came forth, and I am come to shew thee; for thou art greatly beloved: therefore understand the matter, and consider the vision. 2470 weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy. 25Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be 7 weeks, and 62 weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times. 26And after 62 weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. 27And he shall confirm the covenant with many for 1 week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.(KJV/NC)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20And while I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before Jehovah my God for the holy mountain of my God; 21yea, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening oblation. 22And he instructed me, and talked with me, and said, O Daniel, I am now come forth to give thee wisdom and understanding. 23At the beginning of thy supplications the commandment went forth, and I am come to tell thee; for thou art greatly beloved: therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision. 24Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy. 25Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the anointed one, the prince, shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: it shall be built again, with street and moat, even in troublous times. 26And after the threescore and two weeks shall the anointed one be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and even unto the end shall be war; desolations are determined. 27And he shall make a firm covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease; and upon the wing of abominations shall come one that maketh desolate; and even unto the full end, and that determined, shall wrath be poured out upon the desolate.(ASV)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20¶ And while I was yet praying and confessing my offenses and the offenses of my people Israel and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy mountain of my God, 21Yea, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision before, came from heaven, flying swiftly, and drew near me at the time of the evening sacrifice. 22And he came and talked to me and said to me, O Daniel, I am now come forth to instruct you, so that you might understand. 23At the beginning of your prayer, the word came forth and I have come to make it known to you; for you are greatly beloved; therefore discern the matter and understand the vision. 24Seventy times seven weeks are determined upon your people and upon your holy city, to finish the transgressions and to make an end of sins and for the forgiveness of the iniquity and to bring in everlasting righteousness and to fulfill the vision of the prophets and to give the most holy to Messiah. 25Know therefore and understand that from the going forth of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of the Messiah the king shall be seven times seven weeks, and sixty-two times seven weeks; the people shall return and build Jerusalem, its streets, and its broad ways at the end of the appointed times. 26After sixty-two times seven weeks, Messiah shall be slain, and the city shall be without a ruler; and the holy city shall be destroyed together with the coming king; and the end thereof shall be a mass exile, and at the end of the war, desolations are determined. 27And he shall confirm the covenant with many for seven weeks and half of seven weeks, then he shall cause the sacrifice and gift offerings to cease, and upon the horns of the altar the abomination of desolation; and the desolation shall continue until the end of the appointed time; the city shall remain desolate. (LAM)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20While I was speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy hill of my God; 21while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the first, came to me in swift flight at the time of the evening sacrifice. 22He came and he said to me, "O Daniel, I have now come out to give you wisdom and understanding. 23At the beginning of your supplications a word went forth, and I have come to tell it to you, for you are greatly beloved; therefore consider the word and understand the vision.

24"Seventy weeks of years are decreed concerning your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place. 25Know therefore and understand that from the going forth of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of an anointed one, a prince, there shall be seven weeks. Then for sixty-two weeks it shall be built again with squares and moat, but in a troubled time. 26And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off, and shall have nothing; and the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war; desolations are decreed. 27And he shall make a strong covenant with many for one week; and for half of the week he shall cause sacrifice and offering to cease; and upon the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the desolator."(RSV)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20While I was speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and making my request to the LORD my God for his holy hill -- 21while I was still in prayer, Gabriel, the man I had seen in the earlier vision, came to me in swift flight about the time of the evening sacrifice. 22He instructed me and said to me, "Daniel, I have now come to give you insight and understanding. 23As soon as you began to pray, an answer was given, which I have come to tell you, for you are highly esteemed. Therefore, consider the message and understand the vision:

24"Seventy `sevens' are decreed for your people and your holy city to finish transgression, to put an end to sin, to atone for wickedness, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy and to anoint the most holy.

25"Know and understand this: From the issuing of the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until the Anointed One, the ruler, comes, there will be seven `sevens,' and sixty-two `sevens.' It will be rebuilt with streets and a trench, but in times of trouble. 26After the sixty-two `sevens,' the Anointed One will be cut off and will have nothing. The people of the ruler who will come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. The end will come like a flood: War will continue until the end, and desolations have been decreed. 27He will confirm a covenant with many for one `seven.' In the middle of the `seven' he will put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on a wing of the temple he will set up an abomination that causes desolation, until the end that is decreed is poured out on him."(NIV)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20While I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before Yahweh my God for the holy mountain of my God; 21yes, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening offering. 22He instructed me, and talked with me, and said, Daniel, I am now come forth to give you wisdom and understanding. 23At the beginning of your petitions the commandment went forth, and I am come to tell you; for you are greatly beloved: therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision. 24Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy. 25Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks: it shall be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times. 26After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One shall be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince who shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end of it shall be with a flood, and even to the end shall be war; desolations are determined. 27He shall make a firm covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease; and on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate; and even to the full end, and that determined, shall wrath be poured out on the desolate.(WEB)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20While I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God for the holy mountain of my God; 21yes, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening offering. 22He instructed me, and talked with me, and said, Daniel, I am now come forth to give you wisdom and understanding. 23At the beginning of your petitions the commandment went forth, and I am come to tell you; for you are greatly beloved: therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision. 24Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy. 25Know therefore and discern, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, shall be seven weeks, and sixty-two weeks: it shall be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times. 26After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One shall be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince who shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and its end shall be with a flood, and even to the end shall be war; desolations are determined. 27He shall make a firm covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease; and on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate; and even to the full end, and that determined, shall wrath be poured out on the desolate.(WEB/HNV)

39 Daniel 9:20-27 20And while I was yet praying and confessing my offenses and the offenses of my people Israel and presenting my supplication before Yahvah my God for the holy mountain of my God, 21Yes, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision before, came from heaven, flying swiftly, and drew near me at the time of the evening sacrifice. 22And he came and talked to me and said to me, Oh Daniel, I have now come to instruct you, so that you might understand. 23At the beginning of your prayer, the word came forth and I have come to make it known to you; for you are greatly beloved; therefore discern the matter and understand the vision. 2470 times 7 weeks are determined on your people and on your holy city, to finish the transgressions and to make an end of sins and for the forgiveness of the iniquity and to bring in everlasting righteousness and to fulfill the vision of the prophets and to give the most holy to Messiah. 25Know therefore and understand that from the going forth of the word to restore and build Jerusalem to the coming of the Messiah the king will be 7 times 7 weeks, and 62 times 7 weeks; the people will return and build Jerusalem, its streets, and its broad ways at the end of the appointed times. 26After 62 times 7 weeks, Messiah will be slain, and the city will be without a ruler; and the holy city will be destroyed together with the coming king; and its end will be a mass exile, and at the end of the war, desolations are determined. 27And he will confirm the contract with many for 7 weeks and 1/2 of 7 weeks, then he will cause the sacrifice and gift offerings to cease, and on the horns of the altar the abomination of desolation; and the desolation will continue until the end of the appointed time; the city will remain desolate. (BRB)

Summary of Applications

There are 5 distinct applications of Daniel's 70 weeks that can be found in history. These are:

  1. Application I The 490 years from Nehemiah's time in the Babylonian royal court to the times when Gabriel appears in the New Testament.

  2. Application II The 70 weeks from Gabriel's' appearing to Zechariah until the birth of Jesus.

  3. Application III The 70 Jubilees (which are weeks) from the decrees at the time of the Exodus until the return of Jesus.

  4. Application IV The 490 years from the Gutenberg Bible until World War II.

  5. Application V The 70 weeks from Hitler's death until the birth of anti-Christ

There is also, perhaps, an Application VI a day-for-a-year replay of the 490 years to Hitler as 70 weeks ending in 2009.

What follows is an explanation and exploration of each of these applications of Daniel's 70 weeks.

Application I: 490 Years to Gabriel

The first application of Daniel's famous 70 weeks begins at the issuing of a decree as recorded in Nehemiah.

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1וַיְהִ֣י׀ בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ נִיסָ֗ן שְׁנַ֥ת עֶשְׂרִ֛ים לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יַ֣יִן לְפָנָ֑יו וָאֶשָּׂ֤א אֶת־ הַיַּ֙יִן֙ וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלֹא־ הָיִ֥יתִי רַ֖ע לְפָנָֽיו׃ 2וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ מַדּ֣וּעַ׀ פָּנֶ֣יךָ רָעִ֗ים וְאַתָּה֙ אֵֽינְךָ֣ חוֹלֶ֔ה אֵ֣ין זֶ֔ה כִּי־ אִ֖ם רֹ֣עַֽ לֵ֑ב וָאִירָ֖א הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃ 3וָאֹמַ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ לְעוֹלָ֣ם יִחְיֶ֑ה מַדּ֜וּעַ לֹא־ יֵרְע֣וּ פָנַ֗י אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָעִ֜יר בֵּית־ קִבְר֤וֹת אֲבֹתַי֙ חֲרֵבָ֔ה וּשְׁעָרֶ֖יהָ אֻכְּל֥וּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃

4וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לִי֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עַל־ מַה־ זֶּ֖ה אַתָּ֣ה מְבַקֵּ֑שׁ וָֽאֶתְפַּלֵּ֔ל אֶל־ אֱלֹהֵ֖י הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ 5וָאֹמַ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־ עַל־ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב וְאִם־ יִיטַ֥ב עַבְדְּךָ֖ לְפָנֶ֑יךָ אֲשֶׁ֧ר תִּשְׁלָחֵ֣נִי אֶל־ יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶל־ עִ֛יר קִבְר֥וֹת אֲבֹתַ֖י וְאֶבְנֶֽנָּה׃ 6וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ וְהַשֵּׁגַ֣ל׀ יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת אֶצְל֗וֹ עַד־ מָתַ֛י יִהְיֶ֥ה מַֽהֲלָכֲךָ֖ וּמָתַ֣י תָּשׁ֑וּב וַיִּיטַ֤ב לִפְנֵֽי־ הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֔נִי וָֽאֶתְּנָ֥ה ל֖וֹ זְמָֽן׃ 7וָאוֹמַר֮ לַמֶּלֶךְ֒ אִם־ עַל־ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב אִגְּרוֹת֙ יִתְּנוּ־ לִ֔י עַֽל־ פַּחֲו֖וֹת עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֑ר אֲשֶׁר֙ יַעֲבִיר֔וּנִי עַ֥ד אֲשֶׁר־ אָב֖וֹא אֶל־ יְהוּדָֽה׃ 8וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת אֶל־ אָסָף֩ שֹׁמֵ֨ר הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתֶּן־ לִ֣י עֵצִ֡ים לְ֠קָרוֹת אֶת־ שַׁעֲרֵ֨י הַבִּירָ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־ לַבַּ֙יִת֙ וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת הָעִ֔יר וְלַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־ אָב֣וֹא אֵלָ֑יו וַיִּתֶּן־ לִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כְּיַד־ אֱלֹהַ֖י הַטּוֹבָ֥ה עָלָֽי׃ (WLC)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, that wine was before him: and I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. 2Wherefore the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid, 3And said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire? 4Then the king said unto me, For what dost thou make request? So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5And I said unto the king, If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favour in thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah, unto the city of my fathers sepulchres, that I may build it. 6And the king said unto me, (the queen also sitting by him,) For how long shall thy journey be? and when wilt thou return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7Moreover I said unto the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the river, that they may convey me over till I come into Judah; 8And a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the kings forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the palace which appertained to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me.(KJV)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in year 20 of Artaxerxes the king, that wine was before him: and I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. 2Wherefore the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid, 3And said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire? 4Then the king said unto me, For what dost thou make request? So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5And I said unto the king, If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favour in thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah, unto the city of my fathers' sepulchres, that I may build it. 6And the king said unto me, (the queen also sitting by him,) For how long shall thy journey be? and when wilt thou return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7Moreover I said unto the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the river, that they may convey me over till I come into Judah; 8And a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the palace which appertained to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me.(KJV/NC)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence. 2And the king said unto me, Why is thy countenance sad, seeing thou art not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid. 3And I said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire? 4Then the king said unto me, For what dost thou make request? So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5And I said unto the king, If it please the king, and if thy servant have found favor in thy sight, that thou wouldest send me unto Judah, unto the city of my fathers' sepulchres, that I may build it. 6And the king said unto me (the queen also sitting by him,) For how long shall thy journey be? and when wilt thou return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7Moreover I said unto the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through till I come unto Judah; 8and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertaineth to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me. (ASV)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1THEN it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artakhshisht the king, I was serving wine before the king; and I took up the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had never been sad before in his presence. 2Wherefore the king said to me, Why is your countenance sad, seeing you are not sick? This is nothing else but sorrow of the heart. Then I was exceedingly afraid, 3And said to the king, Let the king live for ever; why should not my countenance be sad, when the capital city of the kingdom of my fathers is in ruin, and its gates have been burned with fire? 4Then the king said to me, For what did you make supplications and pray before the God of heaven? 5And I said to the king, If it please the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, that you would send me to Judah, to the city of David, to my fathers' sepulchres, that I may rebuild it. 6And the king said to me, You are foolish. For how long shall your journey be? And when will you return? So it pleased the king to send me; and he set me a time. 7Moreover I said to the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the river Euphrates, that they may escort me over till I come to Judah; 8And a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the temple and for the castle and for the walls of the city and for the house that I shall dwell in it. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me. (LAM)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1In the month of Nisan, in the twentieth year of King Ar-ta-xerx'es, when wine was before him, I took up the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had not been sad in his presence. 2And the king said to me, "Why is your face sad, seeing you are not sick? This is nothing else but sadness of the heart." Then I was very much afraid. 3I said to the king, "Let the king live for ever! Why should not my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lies waste, and its gates have been destroyed by fire?" 4Then the king said to me, "For what do you make request?" So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5And I said to the king, "If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, that you send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers' sepulchres, that I may rebuild it." 6And the king said to me (the queen sitting beside him), "How long will you be gone, and when will you return?" So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7And I said to the king, "If it pleases the king, let letters be given me to the governors of the province Beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah; 8and a letter to Asaph, the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the fortress of the temple, and for the wall of the city, and for the house which I shall occupy." And the king granted me what I asked, for the good hand of my God was upon me.(RSV)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1In the month of Nisan in the twentieth year of King Artaxerxes, when wine was brought for him, I took the wine and gave it to the king. I had not been sad in his presence before; 2so the king asked me, "Why does your face look so sad when you are not ill? This can be nothing but sadness of heart." I was very much afraid, 3but I said to the king, "May the king live forever! Why should my face not look sad when the city where my fathers are buried lies in ruins, and its gates have been destroyed by fire?"

4The king said to me, "What is it you want?" Then I prayed to the God of heaven, 5and I answered the king, "If it pleases the king and if your servant has found favor in his sight, let him send me to the city in Judah where my fathers are buried so that I can rebuild it."

6Then the king, with the queen sitting beside him, asked me, "How long will your journey take, and when will you get back?" It pleased the king to send me; so I set a time.

7I also said to him, "If it pleases the king, may I have letters to the governors of Trans-Euphrates, so that they will provide me safe-conduct until I arrive in Judah? 8And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king's forest, so he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel by the temple and for the city wall and for the residence I will occupy?" And because the gracious hand of my God was upon me, the king granted my requests. (NIV)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1It happened in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it to the king. Now I had not been before sad in his presence. 2The king said to me, Why is your face sad, seeing you are not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid. 3I said to the king, Let the king live forever: why should not my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' tombs, lies waste, and the gates of it are consumed with fire? 4Then the king said to me, For what do you make request? So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5I said to the king, If it please the king, and if your servant have found favor in your sight, that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers' tombs, that I may build it. 6The king said to me (the queen also sitting by him), For how long shall your journey be? and when will you return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7Moreover I said to the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah; 8and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertains to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. The king granted me, according to the good hand of my God on me. (WEB)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1It happened in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it to the king. Now I had not been before sad in his presence. 2The king said to me, Why is your face sad, seeing you are not sick? this is nothing else but sorrow of heart. Then I was very sore afraid. 3I said to the king, Let the king live forever: why should not my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' tombs, lies waste, and its gates are consumed with fire? 4Then the king said to me, For what do you make request? So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5I said to the king, If it please the king, and if your servant have found favor in your sight, that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers' tombs, that I may build it. 6The king said to me (the queen also sitting by him), For how long shall your journey be? and when will you return? So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7Moreover I said to the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah; 8and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertains to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. The king granted me, according to the good hand of my God on me. (WEB/HNV)

17 Nehemiah 2:1-8 1THEN it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the 20th year of Artakhshisht the king, I was serving wine before the king; and I took up the wine and gave it to the king. Now I had never been sad before in his presence. 2Therefore, the king said to me, Why is your countenance sad, seeing you are not sick? This is nothing else but sorrow of the heart. Then I was exceedingly afraid, 3And said to the king, Let the king live forever; why should my countenance not be sad, when the capital city of the kingdom of my fathers is in ruin, and its gates have been burned with fire? 4Then the king said to me, For what did you make supplications and pray before the God of heaven? 5And I said to the king, If it please the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, that you would send me to Judah, to the city of David, to my fathers' sepulchres, that I may rebuild it. 6And the king said to me, You are foolish. For how long will you journey? And when will you return? So it pleased the king to send me; and he set a time for me. 7Moreover, I said to the king, If it please the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the river Euphrates, that they may escort me over until I come to Judah; 8And a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the temple and for the castle and for the walls of the city and for the house that I will live in it. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God on me. (BRB)

This account is interesting because it contains an on Bible date for this event. It is the 20th year of king Artaxerxes.

This is of course a stumbling block, since it is hard to know when this king reigned. Of course this is a pagan king, and many think that the Bible is a historical book, so the secular records of Babylon should be consulted to fix this date. Not so.

The king's name is only an adjective to the key value here, the 20 years. These are 20 years after the 70 years of captivity that Daniel was praying about above. Time is being measured in the Bible relative Jerusalem. Those 20 years abut the 70 and are an extension to those 70. Since those 70 are know in relation to the modern era, the 30 days in question, can be known with very high precision.

It is easiest to see by inspection on the printed charts, but the year in question is year 999 FE, or 1 year short of the 1000th year from from the Exodus.

Why would this be?

Nehemiah's call is to prepare the city for the millennium celebration that would take place in Jerusalem at the end of the year 1000 FE. Nehemiah will move quickly, taking the letters with him, gathering the supplies, and then in a quick, 52 day, building campaign, he will see the wall of Jerusalem restored around the city.

Since Daniel's 70 weeks are day-accurate, we need a day-accurate statement of the month when this decree is issued. We use "Date Reports" for that here, and the following is the date report for that decree-issuing month:

Month window for Documents to Nehemiah.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
First day of the month:
Mon10499/1/1 AA 9 Jan -489 NS 9 Jun 251 AUC AA:3829621
999/1/1 FE  14 Jan -490 OS 9 Jun 503 BC JD:1542464
Last day of the month:
Tue10499/1/30 AA 7 Feb -489 NS 9 Qui 251 AUC AA:3829650
999/1/30 FE  12 Feb -490 OS 9 Qui 503 BC JD:1542493

Notice that the prophecy is not accurate beyond the month, the tolerance is 30 days, so all later dates will also have a tolerance of 30 days until we can pull that tolerance in tighter.

This report marks the month when the decree was issued. Note for those that know Anderson's fraudulent dating, it is 45 years earlier.

Tricky Math on 70 Weeks of Years

Gabriel appeared to Daniel and started revealing these 70 "weeks" as a play on the 70 years of Jeremiah.

Because Daniel is a prophet, all references to days are also references to years. There is always a double meaning when a prophet gives or is given a certain number of days.

In this case those weeks become weeks of years also known as Sabbath.

The calendar used for recording time in the Bible also has a sabbath cycle, every 7 years, which was a week of years, there was a long year. Sabbath, as well as Jubilee years were long, they had 13 months instead of the usual 12.

The assumption here, which will be born out, is that Gabriel's predictions are day-accurate and across the time interval suggested the events will unfold with an accuracy to the day. The problem, then is mapping the expression down to days. When this is day-accurate, of course, 70 weeks are 70 * 7 = 490 days. When this is year-accurate, through the prophet's standard day-for-a-year ratio, this is 7 years * 70 = 490 years. It is with this year length that problems arise.

There are 2 ways to compute the number of days in 490 years. Those ways come from the way Gabriel posed the riddle to Daniel. This is either 1) The number of days in 490 years, as a "bond band" or slave would count it, or else this is 2) 70 sets of separate 7 year intervals.

These 2 values are not the same number of total days because the first strategy compensates for Jubilee leap months every 50 years, while the second set only has leap months on the end of each week of years.

This can be spotted in a pair of date reports from a different era entirely. A "contract" for a period of time is like the start of the calendar itself at Adam. Anyone who enters a contract starts counting time, and not counting leap years until the end of 7 years into the contract. At 50 years in the contract there is also a leap month in the 50 year.

So, the following is the date that would represent the completion of a 7 year contract: (Ignore all values except those in green.)

1 week of years, measured from Adam 1/1/1.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Note the AA: is the day count for 7 years.
Sat8/1/1 AA 10 Nov -10968 NS 3 Six 12304 BAUC AA:2551
-9492/1/1 FE  2 Feb -10968 OS 3 Six 13057 BC JD:-2284606

By inspection this is the first day of year number 8, or day number 2551. The difference between 2551 and day 1 is 2550 days, the number of days in 7 years. 2550 is the number of days in 1 week of years.

If we are computing 70 of these, we multiply 2550 * 70 = 178,500 days.

Alternatively, we can ask how many days are there in 490 full years. Asked this way, the 7 * 70 = 490 is being done with the years before being reduced to days. We can discover the number of days by looking at a date report for 491/1/1 AA and then checking the AA number. The following is the report for this scenario. (Again, ignore all values except those in green.)

490 years from Adam, 491/1/1.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Note the AA: Field is the day count for 490 years.
Thu491/1/1 AA 4 Mar -10485 NS 25 Dec 11725 BAUC AA:178711
-9009/1/1 FE  23 May -10485 OS 25 Dec 12478 BC JD:-2108446

Just like before, the calendar date, 491/1/1 is 1 day high, in order to find number of days in 490 years exactly, we subtract 1 from 178711 yielding 178,710 days in 490 full years.

Note: 178,500 days is NOT THE SAME as 178,710 days.

These 2 strategies yield an answer off by 210 days, or exactly 7 full months.

Why?

The difference is the net effect of the leap months.

When we take any other starting point for measuring 490 years, we are always looking for 2 events separated by 210 days. The first event is 178,500 days after the start, the second is 178,710 days after the start. Finding 2 fulfillment events separated by 7 months will be the clue that all the other math has been done correctly, that the start and end of the interval is correctly understood.

Note also that this sort of prophetic story phasing between the calendar with Jubilees every 50 years, and smaller prophetic intervals, say 7 weeks, can and does occur with different values in different places in scripture. There is a web page on the web site that is built for plugging in various values in order to quickly explore the differences. There are also several canned reports showing the effect for various known Bible stories, including this one from Daniel's 70 weeks. That web page is here

Going back to the decree issued in Nehemiah's time. This is technically called a starting epoch from which a long distance time interval will be measured...

Month window for Documents to Nehemiah.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
First day of the month:
Mon10499/1/1 AA 9 Jan -489 NS 9 Jun 251 AUC AA:3829621
999/1/1 FE  14 Jan -490 OS 9 Jun 503 BC JD:1542464
Last day of the month:
Tue10499/1/30 AA 7 Feb -489 NS 9 Qui 251 AUC AA:3829650
999/1/30 FE  12 Feb -490 OS 9 Qui 503 BC JD:1542493

This date, with an obvious 30 days tolerance, is the starting point for finding the prophetic fulfillment of this application of Daniel's 70 weeks. To find the end we simply add the first of the 2 numbers, 178,500, to the day number for the first day in this starting epoch. The following is the report. Note that the AA: field can be used here as an audit, that we are indeed 178,500 days later.

End of Daniel's 70 weeks, 178,500 days.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
First day of the month:
Mon10988/4/1 AA 27 Sep -1 NS 27 Sep 752 AUC AA:4008121
1488/4/1 FE  29 Sep -1 OS 27 Sep 2 BC JD:1720964
Last day of the month:
Tue10988/4/30 AA 26 Oct -1 NS 26 Oct 752 AUC AA:4008150
1488/4/30 FE  28 Oct -1 OS 26 Oct 2 BC JD:1720993

And of course there is another 30 day window at the end of 178,710 days from the starting epoch. The following is that report.

End of Daniel's 70 weeks, 178,500 days.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
First day of the month:
Mon10988/11/1 AA 24 Apr 0 NS 25 Apr 753 AUC AA:4008331
1488/11/1 FE  26 Apr 0 OS 25 Apr 1 BC JD:1721174
Last day of the month:
Tue10988/11/30 AA 23 May 0 NS 24 May 753 AUC AA:4008360
1488/11/30 FE  25 May 0 OS 24 May 1 BC JD:1721203

These 2 reports are in the era of Jesus birth, just before the start of the year 1 AD.

It takes more information beyond the scope of this report, but Jesus was born in February of 1 AD, when year breaks are considered to happen in January.

So, what events are these 2 previous reports describing?

A little inspection in the Biblical account of the months before Jesus was born, we find that Gabriel, the same angel that appeared to Daniel at the start of this entire story, also appeared 2 times in the New Testament record.

What were those times? 1) His appearance to Zechariah in the temple, and then... 2) some number of months later to Mary. The appearance of Gabriel is recorded in Luke, the account begins this way:

43 Luke 1:26 26ܒܝܪܚܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܫܬܐ ܐܫܬܠܚ ܓܒܪܝܐܝܠ ܡܠܐܟܐ ܡܢ ܠܘܬ ܐܠܗܐ ܠܓܠܝܠܐ ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ ܕܫܡܗ ܢܨܪܬ ܀ (SYP)

43 Luke 1:26 26And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, (KJV)

43 Luke 1:26 26And in month 6 the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, (KJV/NC)

43 Luke 1:26 26Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, (ASV)

43 Luke 1:26 26¶ Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to Galilee, to a city called Nazareth, (LAM)

43 Luke 1:26 26In the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee named Nazareth, (RSV)

43 Luke 1:26 26In the sixth month, God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth, a town in Galilee, (NIV)

43 Luke 1:26 26Now in the sixth month, the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, (WEB)

43 Luke 1:26 26Now in the sixth month, the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee, named Nazareth, (WEB/HNV)

43 Luke 1:26 26Now in the 6th month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to Galilee, to a city called Nazareth, (BRB)

In the discussion Gabriel reveals that Elizabeth is pregnant and in her 6th month.

43 Luke 1:36 36ܘܗܐ ܐܠܝܫܒܥ ܐܚܝܢܬܟܝ ܐܦ ܗܝ ܒܛܢܐ ܒܪܐ ܒܤܝܒܘܬܗ ܘܗܢܐ ܝܪܚܐ ܕܫܬܐ ܠܗ ܠܗܝ ܕܡܬܩܪܝܐ ܥܩܪܬܐ ܀ (SYP)

43 Luke 1:36 36And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren. (KJV)

43 Luke 1:36 36And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is month 6 with her, who was called barren. (KJV/NC)

43 Luke 1:36 36And behold, Elisabeth thy kinswoman, she also hath conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her that was called barren. (ASV)

43 Luke 1:36 36And behold, Elizabeth your kinswoman has also conceived a son in her old age; and yet this is the sixth month with her, who is called barren. (LAM)

43 Luke 1:36 36And behold, your kinswoman Elizabeth in her old age has also conceived a son; and this is the sixth month with her who was called barren. (RSV)

43 Luke 1:36 36Even Elizabeth your relative is going to have a child in her old age, and she who was said to be barren is in her sixth month. (NIV)

43 Luke 1:36 36Behold, Elizabeth, your relative, also has conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her who was called barren. (WEB)

43 Luke 1:36 36Behold, Elisheva, your relative, also has conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her who was called barren. (WEB/HNV)

43 Luke 1:36 36And look, Elizabeth your kinswoman has also conceived a son in her old age; but this is the 6th month with her, who is called barren. (BRB)

Of course Zechariah was serving for a month, had to go home, and then his wife had to conceive, so the 6th month of her pregnancy is in line with the 7 month difference between these 2 predicted intervals.

What is Daniel's 70 weeks telling here?

Gabriel appeared to tell Daniel a riddle. The riddle explains the 2 times when Gabriel will appear in New Testament times. Gabriel is announcing Gabriel's 2 future visits.

Application II: 70 Weeks to Jesus' Birth

The original account of the decree issued to Nehemiah so he could go rebuild Jerusalem's walls is not dated to the exact time within the month. Because of this the exact time within the final months of Gabriel's appearances to Zechariah and Mary are also unknown directly.

But, watch something wonderful...

The prophecy about Daniel's 70 weeks reveals the time from Gabriel's appearance to Zechariah until Jesus' birth.

Those 70 weeks are broken down into 30 weeks, (30 * 7 = 210 days) from Zechariah to Mary. Then, 40 weeks from the visit to Mary until Jesus is born. We can verify this backwards by checking the birth date of Jesus and subtracting 490 days.

Note that there is a full section on this web site that goes into this math more completely. I'm summarizing what is given more completely elsewhere.

The simplest way to find Jesus' birth date is to know that Luke records the holiday. Jesus was born on the Roman holiday of Quirinus, February 17 in what would become known as 1 AD. The clear text reference to this is given in Luke...

43 Luke 2:2 2ܗܕܐ ܡܟܬܒܢܘܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܬܐ ܗܘܬ ܒܗܓܡܢܘܬܐ ܕܩܘܪܝܢܘܤ ܒܤܘܪܝܐ ܀ (SYP)

43 Luke 2:2 2(And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria.) (KJV)

43 Luke 2:2 2(And this taxing was first made when Cyrenius was governor of Syria.) (KJV/NC)

43 Luke 2:2 2This was the first enrolment made when Quirinius was governor of Syria. (ASV)

43 Luke 2:2 2This first census took place during the governorship of Quirinius in Syria. (LAM)

43 Luke 2:2 2This was the first enrollment, when Quirin'i-us was governor of Syria. (RSV)

43 Luke 2:2 2(This was the first census that took place while Quirinius was governor of Syria.) (NIV)

43 Luke 2:2 2This was the first enrollment made when Quirinius was governor of Syria. (WEB)

43 Luke 2:2 2This was the first enrollment made when Quirinius was governor of Syria. (WEB/HNV)

43 Luke 2:2 2This first census took place during the governorship of Quirinius in Syria. (BRB)

This governor picked the census to land on the governor's own holiday fixing the day of Jesus birth.

The year can also be fixed in various ways. The important fix is the historical Christian year 1 is in fact the correct first year of Jesus. So his birthday, was February 17 in the year 1 AD. (Green marks the way the Romans of the day would have known the date.)

Jesus' Birthday
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Fri10989/8/29 AA 16 Feb 1 NS 17 Feb 754 AUC AA:4008629
1489/8/29 FE  18 Feb 0 OS 17 Feb 1 AD JD:1721472

Mary's pregnancy, 40 weeks, and the time back to Zechariah, 70 weeks, can be seen by subtracting these day counts from the day number of Jesus' birthday. Here are the reports for these dates. Notice the AA: field can be used for audits.

The following report is 40 full weeks ( 40 * 7 = 280 days) back from Jesus' birth...

Gabriel's Appearance to Mary.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Fri10988/11/19 AA 12 May 0 NS 13 May 753 AUC AA:4008349
1488/11/19 FE  14 May 0 OS 13 May 1 BC JD:1721192

The following report is 70 full weeks ( 70 * 7 = 490 days) back from Jesus' birth...

Gabriel's Appearance to Zechariah.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Fri10988/4/19 AA 15 Oct -1 NS 15 Oct 752 AUC AA:4008139
1488/4/19 FE  17 Oct -1 OS 15 Oct 2 BC JD:1720982

By inspection, these 2 expected, precise, Gabriel visitation dates are inside the 2 month wide windows of the expected months of Gabriel's visit.

Within our ability to measure, Daniel's 70 weeks announced both the months of Gabriel's visitations and the days from those visitations to the birth of Jesus.

Application III: 70 Weeks as Jubilees

Gabriel's original words to Daniel have several odd meanings that are not simply weeks of years.

The most important of these applications is a week of weeks of years or what is commonly called a Jubilee. This is a 50 year interval for each of the years in Jeremiah's original 70 year prophecy.

Note that under this scenario the starting decree is no longer Nehemiah's traveling documents given to him by his Babylonian king, but it is the ancient nation of Israel's traveling documents, given to them by God himself through Moses at mount Sinai.

Was Moses' writing, instead of Nehemiah's, a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem? Yes.

In fact it could easily be argued that Moses' decree was much more important than Nehemiah's and it should rightfully stand as the primary fulfillment of this prophecy given to Daniel.

In terms of math, a Jubilee is an even multiple of 50 years, so there is no possible phasing with the underlying calendar and so there can only be 1 possible terminal date at a year count of 50 * 70 = 3500 years from the issuing of the first decree.

Note that Jesus makes a direct reference to this 3500 year interval when he answers a question from Peter:

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21ܗܝܕܝܢ ܩܪܒ ܠܘܬܗ ܟܐܦܐ ܘܐܡܪ ܡܪܝ ܟܡܐ ܙܒܢܝܢ ܐܢ ܢܤܟܠ ܒܝ ܐܚܝ ܐܫܒܘܩ ܠܗ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܒܥ ܙܒܢܝܢ ܀ 22ܐܡܪ ܠܗ ܝܫܘܥ ܠܐ ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܟ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܒܥ ܐܠܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܫܒܥܝܢ ܙܒܢܝܢ ܫܒܥ ܫܒܥ ܀ (SYP)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till seven times? 22Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times: but, Until seventy times seven.(KJV)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till 7 times? 22Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until 7 times: but, Until 70 times 7.(KJV/NC)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then came Peter and said to him, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? until seven times? 22Jesus saith unto him, I say not unto thee, Until seven times; but, Until seventy times seven. (ASV)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21¶ Then Peter came up and said to him, My Lord, if my brother is at fault with me, how many times should I forgive him? up to seven times? 22Jesus said to him, I do not say to you up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven. (LAM)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Jesus said to him, "I do not say to you seven times, but seventy times seven.

22"Therefore the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants. (RSV)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then Peter came to Jesus and asked, "Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother when he sins against me? Up to seven times?"

22Jesus answered, "I tell you, not seven times, but seventy-seven times.(NIV)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then Peter came and said to him, 'Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Until seven times?'

22Jesus said to him, 'I don't tell you until seven times, but, until seventy times seven. (WEB)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then Peter came and said to him, 'Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Until seven times?'

22Yeshua said to him, 'I don't tell you until seven times, but, until seventy times seven. (WEB/HNV)

41 Matthew 18:21-22 21Then Peter came up and said to him, My Lord, if my brother is at fault with me, how many times should I forgive him, up to 7 times? 22Jesus said to him, I do not say to you up to 7 times, but up to 70 times 7. (BRB)

Peter's question "7 times" is actually a prophetic reference to 2550 years and Jesus' response, 70 times 7, is an expansion to this rendering of Daniel's 70 weeks.

In both cases the math is 70 * 50 Years = 3500 Years.

The origin is the Exodus from Egypt, or possibly the events in the months after this event. The following is the date for when the ancient Israelites left Egypt:

1/1/15 FE, The Exodus From Egypt
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Tue9501/1/15 AA 29 May -1486 NS 21 Apr 912 BAUC AA:3465615
1/1/15 FE  11 Jun -1486 OS 21 Apr 1665 BC JD:1178458

This date can be run out across the nominal 3500 years suggested by these and a host of other prophecies...

3501/1/15 FE, 70 Jubilees after Exodus From Egypt
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Tue13001/1/15 AA 2 Mar 2010 NS 17 Feb 2763 AUC AA:4742415
3501/1/15 FE  17 Feb 2009 OS 17 Feb 2010 AD JD:2455258

The starting epoch used here is the departure date from Egypt. There are several additional dates in the historical record that may provide more interesting epochs for this measurement. The other stories are in the first 2 years after the historical Exodus from Egypt. The modern termination of the 70 Jubilees could thus be up to 2 years after the dates given here. Note the Jubilee related date is the most interesting since the entire season is measured in Jubilees.

Other stories must converge on a modern date in order to support which precise date may ultimately matter most. There is plenty of evidence that this is indeed important to current headlines and their development.

Note that it is curious that Jesus' earthly life spanned across the end of the 30th Jubilee and into the 31st Jubilee. This is the same prophetically as his appearance to Mary at the transition from the first 30 weeks to the second 40 weeks in the total application of Daniel's 70 weeks in the era of Jesus' birth. The 2000 years since Jesus is 40 Jubilees.

Daniel's 70 Weeks, as Jubilees, introduces the idea that the main decree that rebuilds the fallen city is the Bible itself. This was first issued in the era of Moses. Our generation will see the completion of the 70 weeks, 70 Jubilees, of Daniel.

Application IV: Modern 490 Years of Daniel

So far, the applications of Daniel's 70 famous weeks have not taken account of the various divisions within the 70 weeks. Specifically Daniel's account suggests the 70 weeks are broken down into continuous parts with events happening at the intermediate points. No matter how much the previous applications are studied, it is not obvious at all that there was interesting events at the internal points. Those points of interest are inside the 70 weeks at: 7 weeks, 62 more weeks, and then a 70 week that is split into 1/2, with prophetic events happening at the start and middle of that last week.

Note clearly that there is nothing in Daniel's 70 weeks that requires it to start nor stop on dates interesting to the full end of the age. Note also that there are never any gaps in prophetic passages in the Bible, so there is not, say, a 62 week period followed by a gap before the final week.

It remained a mystery to me where we might find another application that would pick off the internal dates. I expected it on a day-for-a-year replay of the time line somewhere, but it eventually came from a far different quarter. (Which is now susceptible to a day-for-a-year replay.) Here is what I found:

I became aware of this Application IV for Daniel's 70 weeks because someone copied me on an email that pointed out that the Munich Agreement, of September 30, 1938, was the start of a 7 year period that spanned much of World War II.

The Munich Agreement was a "land for peace" agreement whereby the European powers attempted to appease Germany in an attempt to avoid World War II. 1260 days later, with some precision, in March of 1942, the Germans began the "final solution" by starting up their extermination camps. This Jewish holocaust was the cutting off suggested for the middle of the 70th week.

The email suggested that the World War II era events were a pattern for a full end-times event in Israel. Though it may be that way, we'll visit that in the Application VI the thought struck me that this might actually be the correct, historical, end-times application of Daniel's famous 70 weeks. If so the full set of dates should have events that match Daniel's story.

Let me say before going further that in this application we find a full set of intermediate events, a double set of 70th week fulfillments, since there is a 210 day difference between these 2 series across the last "week" and it highlights the birth date of the anti-Christ just as the first century fulfillment highlighted the birthday of Jesus himself. We'll treat the anti-Christ's birthday in another Application of Daniel's 70 weeks.

To discover if that was so required some cleaning on raw data and a test across the 490 years preceding the end of World War II. Here's how that is done.

What is obvious is that this does indeed pattern Daniel's 70 weeks quite closely, including the dates within the interval.

Munich Agreement

Conceptually we're running this as a hypothesis, and at the end we will state if the hypothesis holds up or not. In order to start somewhere we use the Munich Agreement date of September 30, 1938, as the starting point.

The assumption here is this is a land-for-peace agreement whereby the Germans were appeased in an attempt to avoid the destruction of a world war that nearly every adult of 1938 could remember from 20 years before.

The date for that agreement, on a Date Report format is this:

Munich Agreement: Land for Peace in Europe.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Fri12929/7/29 AA 30 Sep 1938 NS 17 Sep 2691 AUC AA:4716329
3429/7/29 FE  17 Sep 1938 OS 17 Sep 1938 AD JD:2429172

It should be noted that this date is 1 day before the close of a Bible month and 2 days before the start of a new month. This is itself curious since it is possible that the entire series of dates is month-aligned. It would be this way because of the expressions used by Daniel busting out to years, and years are always whole numbers of months.

For our purposes here, we'll leave this as is, but remember there is a few day tolerance.

The final week of Daniel's 70 weeks would this spread out from here, 2550 days forward, as discussed above, in Application I. The final date for that final week would be the following:

1 Week Later, End of World War II.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Sun12936/7/29 AA 23 Sep 1945 NS 10 Sep 2698 AUC AA:4718879
3436/7/29 FE  10 Sep 1945 OS 10 Sep 1945 AD JD:2431722

This date is at a little used corner of history. The more famous Japanese surrender at the end of World War II was on September 2, 1945, a full, and exact, 3 weeks before this prophetic date.

What is more curious, though, is that the Japanese did not finish surrendering until September 16, 1945, when they surrendered Hong Kong to the British fleet. This is only 1 week ahead of this theoretical end of the war.

Even more curiously, on September 23, 1945 itself, the British decided to shift the question of a Jewish homeland in Palestine to the United Nations. This was significant, and related to the other events on this series, the mid-trib date in 1942 when the Holocaust began.

The middle of this final week of Daniel's 70 weeks of years, would thus be at 1260 days after the Munich Agreement. The report for that date is this:

1260 days from Munich Agreement.
DayBible DateModern DateRoman DateNumber
Fri12933/1/29 AA 13 Mar 1942 NS 28 Feb 2695 AUC AA:4717589
3433/1/29 FE  28 Feb 1941 OS 28 Feb 1942 AD JD:2430432

This event is the start of mass killing of the Jews in the Holocaust. The actual start of this killing is not known with precision. The Germans had been experimenting with how to kill millions across the previous few months. They had also held various meetings that demonstrated their plan. (Meeting minutes, for example, would be used in trials after the war.)

I have not yet verified this with reliable sources, but Sobibor started mass killing on March 1, 1942, and Belzec is said to have started on March 17, 1942. These were the first 2 concentration camps built for killing, not for strictly political prisoners. Their construction had begun in late 1941. It is highly significant that the second of these camps would have a root name of "Bel." This is a variation of Baal, one of the pagan gods mentioned in scripture.

Note how the second of these unconfirmed killing start dates is only 3 days from theoretical. If a day number of 1 is the intended prophetic date, not day number 30, in these reports, then each end is only off by 2 days. This is very good considering how these normally work, expecially in this era.

The prophetic story from Daniel is that an anointed one will be cut off and have nothing. This killing or cutting off is the fulfillment in the history of nations.

7 month Offset

Daniel's 70 weeks has a 70 week that applies in 2 different ways. Those 2 applications are offset by a standard 7 month window, 30 weeks, or 210 days.

So far we've only shown 1 such 7 year window, there is another lurking near by that picks off more features.

By inspection it should be obvious we're looking for another that sits 210 days earlier. This allows for the end of the war in Europe to land at the end of an earlier, more hidden, 7 year period.

Using the Munich Agreement Date given above and running 210 days earlier yields the following date: